近日,成都美杰赛尔正式提交了其PD-1基因编辑T细胞注射液的临床试验申请,此前美杰赛尔生物PD-1敲除工程化T细胞注射液已有单药和联合荣瑞医药的溶瘤病毒( OVV-01)注射液IIT研究,以及关于早期报道汇总如下:
关于临床启动:
“(2016年)7月21日,据Nature官网消息,中国科学家将开展全球首个CRISPR人体试验。四川大学华西医院肿瘤学家卢铀教授研究小组计划在今年8月启动这一临床试验,利用CRISPR技术编辑的T细胞治疗化疗、放疗以及其它疗法治疗无效的转移性非小细胞肺癌患者。7月6日,这一临床试验获得了医院审查委员会的伦理批准。”
关于产品介绍(来自公司科学团队):
“相同之处,都是在患者T细胞上进行了PD-1基因编辑。Carl June团队做的T细胞制品比我们多了一个TCR:1.增加了靶向性;2.但未来应用限制了适应症人群; 这个TCR是针对骨肉瘤上NY-ESO-1抗原的,由于TCR是有MHC限制的——简单的说某种HLA类型的人群才对该靶点抗原有反应,故而限制了适用人群。Carl June团队为了增加该外源性TCR在T细胞表面的表达,删除了两个内源性T细胞受体基因TCRα ( TRAC )和TCRβ ( TRBC ),同时将免疫检测点抑制基因PD-1删除了,避免T细胞被肿瘤细胞诱导凋亡。也就是说他们团队删除了三个基因,加入了一个基因。我们团队则认为PD-1才是免疫治疗的关键基因,且对细胞基因组改造越少,制品安全性稳定性越好。同时由于肺癌目前没有特异性好的靶点,以此对肺癌难以增加这类靶点操作。”
关于早期IIT研究结果:
“(2020年)4月28日,四川大学华西医院卢铀教授团队在《Nature Medicine》期刊发表的最新研究成果显示,使用CRISPR-Cas9编辑的T细胞在临床上治疗肺癌是安全可行的。产品开发方成都美杰赛尔和临床完成单位华西医院为并列第一作者。”
研究结果报道如下:
Here, we report results from a first-in-human phase I clinical trial of CRISPR–Cas9 PD-1-edited T cells in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02793856).......
A total of 22 patients were enrolled; 17 had sufficient edited T cells for infusion, and 12 were able to receive treatment. All treatment-related AEs were grade 1 or 2, and the more frequent events included lymphopenia, fatigue, leukopenia, fever, arthralgia and skin rash.
Edited T cells were detectable in peripheral blood after infusion. The median progression-free survival was 7.7 weeks (95% confidence interval, 6.9 to 8.5 weeks) and median overall survival was 42.6 weeks (95% confidence interval, 10.3–74.9 weeks).
The median mutation frequency of off-target events was 0.05% (range, 0–0.25%) at 18 candidate sites by next generation sequencing. Off-target editing by the CRISPR–Cas9 system is a major concern for clinical application of the technology. Off-target events were not detected in a patient who received CRISPR-edited stem cell therapy. For three patients treated with multigene-edited T cell therapy, there were minimal off-target events at TRAC and TRBC6. Similarly, our median mutation frequency of off-target cleavage was low in all sites by NGS, with the majority of these mutations being located in intergenic or intronic regions, which were unlikely to have significant effects on coding genes.
成都美杰赛尔是一家以国际前沿精准细胞治疗技术研发为主营业务的高科技企业。公司开发了“世界首个临床GMP级基因编辑T细胞制品”,与四川大学华西医院联合完成了世界首个基因编辑细胞抗肿瘤治疗I期临床试验,相关成果发表于2020年4月《自然医学》杂志。公司入选2016年四川省及成都市顶尖创新创业团队(获得最高奖),被国际知名投资机构美国高盛集团评为“中国生命科学技术历史里程碑事件”,入选清科集团、软银等投资机构评选的“2018年中国最具投资价值企业50强”。
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